-Work: The majority of migration that took place during the Industrial Revolution was a direct result of the search for new work and new opportunities. Thousands of people from Europe started new lives by moving to the Americas seeking more wealth or simply enough wealth to survive. Greedy Europeans moved to the Americas in search of highly valued commodities such as silver and gold. However, Europeans later began making huge sums of money due to the production of cash crops on massive slave plantations. One of the largest migrations seen in this time period was the California Gold Rush of 1848. Settled families in the eastern United States gave up their entire lives in search of riches in the west.
-Crime: From 1750 to 1900 European nations began a system in which they exported their prisoners to far-away colonies. Such is seen in the formerly British penal colony of Australia. European powers also shipped their prisoners to the colonies of America when they maintained control over them. One of the largest penal colonies in the United States was Georgia founded by James Edward Oglethorpe. Georgia created a large border between the British and their fierce rivals, the Spaniards. Because it was a penal colony, Britain did not feel the need to protect Georgia further adding to its benefits. Due to these new methods, much migration was forced during this time period resulting in the spread of ideas and culture from Europe.
Sources:
Smith, Bonnie G., Marc van de Vieroop, Richard van Glahn, and Kris Lane.
Crossroads and Cultures: A History of the World's Peoples. United Sates of America: Bedford/
St. Martin's, 2012. Online.
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